The market is not mature In 2017 30 unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) or be eliminated

Source：Updated：2017-03-03 08:11:53

"Tax is China's highest in the world, as well as the manufacturing comprehensive tax is 35% higher than the United States." In November, 2016, chairman of fuyao glass cao has a speech, cause social backlash, become the government, experts and scholars, enterprises focus. Enterprise lay from the "death tax" to "death rates just case", for days, the social parties debate about China's high taxes the flux. 
 
Is chief professor of tianjin university of finance and financial wei-guang li said that in 2016 led to corporation tax burden, according to a survey of 2015 Chinese companies a total tax rate of 67.8%, a joint fourth place among the 21 apec nations, far higher than that of developed and developing countries. 
 
So, in the social parties agree that at present Chinese enterprises under the background of high tax cost, a pulse of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) as a new high-tech manufacturing industry, also affected? To this, the reporter walks into unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) enterprise in-depth visits and understanding. 
 
 
 
Graph: Skye intelligent Skye unmanned aerial vehicle (uav). Skye intelligent officially declared bankruptcy in December, as for the bankruptcy reasons, mainly product backlog not sell, owe money to repay the supply chain. (photo: lei feng network) 
 
Tax accounting for small high-tech enterprise profit nearly half 
 
Breath at the start of the New Year, Spring Festival is not fade, is located in the temple at the foot of the henan soar aviation technology co., LTD. (hereinafter referred to as the "flying drones), as the authors synergies, brewing a massive layoffs, layoffs will account for one-third of the existing staff. 
 
From the mold design, flight test to research and development, production and manufacturing, flying drones have hundreds of employees. Cheng Hang, general manager of the company an interview with reporters said that as a high-tech research and development of small-scale manufacturing enterprises, both in the face of big economic environment and its industrial development, in 2016 is very embarrassing for a year, one side is the economic winter, one side is higher taxes weighed, enterprises have been unable to afford. 
 
So, as a general taxpayer enterprise, exactly how much should I pay taxes? 
 
Cheng Hang to a tax price 2 million yuan (the actual price difference far) uavs, for example, he said, if a drone of pure materials and artificial cost is 1 million yuan, the downstream in the production of aircraft parts without special invoices for value-added tax, in addition to the pure material price 1 million yuan, have to pay 17% of VAT, which is about 290600 yuan; In addition, there are 25% of the base of enterprise income tax on profit of 250000 yuan, the addition of two to 540600 yuan, the value-added tax and income tax have accounted for the whole plane only 1 million yuan more than 50% of profits. 
 
Rough calculation, as the general taxpayer enterprises, in addition to the staff of five social insurance and one housing fund, everyday must pay taxes include value added tax, enterprise income tax, urban construction tax, education fee, local education surcharge, land use tax, property tax, stamp tax, individual income tax, security for the disabled, the union funds 11 kinds of taxes and fees. 
 
What is more surprising, as an emerging high-tech research and development of manufacturing industry, flying drones since 2014 in henan dengfeng, did not enjoy any preferential tax policy of the local governments. 
 
According to the existing tax system, as a result of flying drones in research and development, the experimental materials procurement, can not meet the suppliers demand quantity, the size of most does not provide value-added tax votes, soar to the manufacturing enterprise, the downstream enterprises to provide value-added tax votes, the enterprise, how many products will be according to the tax rate of 17%, how much to pay value added tax. Tax standard is not unified, flying drones by numerous cost can't touch buckle. 
 
Influence of the tax revenue for the company development. Cheng Hang said, is to narrow the gap between rich and poor, for stable industry, enterprise scale, for leading the small-scale enterprises depends on bit by bit to dig out money to research the development and innovation, some firms even want to rely on tax evasion, tax evasion. 
 
14 solstice December 16, 2016, the central economic work can be said that the government will lower costs for the elements in tax cuts, JiangFei, to step up. Relevant personage says, 2017 private enterprises is expected to gain more dividend policies, but the specific how to implement, it remains to be time to test and verify. 
 
The actual sales down 80% compared with expectations 
 
Pressing upon soar higher taxes is just one of several mountain. The effects of the external environment, existing industry makes life difficult for the unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) industry. 
 
From research and development of jingdong "deadweight tons, the range of 300 km" unmanned aerial vehicle (uav), the all-electric automatic manned aircraft, nearly two years, a great impact on the media and investment institutions, and the comments on the various experts, give the public a civilian uavs omnipotent illusion. 
 
"Unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) what can do, imagine what can also." Flying drones Zhang Yao founder said when accepting a reporter to interview, now the whole uav industry technology level, with the actual application is far, to stay time. 
 
According to different use of field to divide, unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) could be divided into two types: military and civilian, each have lay particular stress on performance requirements for unmanned aerial vehicle (uav). 
 
Military unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) is the highest technical level, used for reconnaissance, bait, electronic countermeasures, communications relay, drone and drone, the sensitivity, high altitude speed and intelligent. 
 
Civil uav can be divided into industrial and consumer. In terms of industry classification, industrial-grade including film and TV aerial, agricultural plant protection, patrol inspection, electric power, oil pipe), public security (police law enforcement, disaster relief, border patrol, etc.), mapping, environmental monitoring, logistics delivery, etc., in a free-for-all. For personal entertainment, take to the consumption level, the xinjiang unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) dominance. 
 
At present, the national more than 330 large and small unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) enterprises, the real industrial research and development of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) manufacturing enterprise 30 or so, flying unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) is one of them. Imagine in July 2003, flying drones the predecessor of zhengzhou pilot technology co., LTD. (hereinafter referred to as the "pilot") was founded, the xinjiang is not yet born, less than 30 civilian vehicle development enterprises throughout the country. 
 
As the company's founder, Zhang Yao is a passionate after a 80 flight enthusiasts. Play model aircraft since 1999, joined the changsha national defense science and technology university in 2001 uavs' classrooms, to participate in China's first unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) composite material industry of "white", is mainly responsible for the fuselage composite materials research and development. 
 
"White" unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) comes out, in 2002 became the national surveying and mapping outshine others in the field of star products. Zhang Yao said, the idea is very simple, just want to put the plane do a bit bigger, take pictures with my camera to the air, due to the lithium battery technology bottleneck, can be to fuel power. 
 
The wenchuan earthquake in May 2008, open the unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) application in China's major natural disasters. In severely damaged roads, the scene of the rescue forces cannot access in an emergency, folk spontaneously formed aerial team with more "white" rushed to the disaster relief efforts, shooting, back to the disaster area image materials, for the rescue command center for disaster area and enclaves make a significant contribution to the quarter-final? 'he asked, making rescue smoothly. 
 
Since then, China's disaster reduction committee will be unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) listed as "responding to natural disasters relief aid," bureau of China began to focus on the application of uav in the field of surveying and mapping, and put "white" column for the administration of surveying and mapping unit purchasing tools. 
 
"Flying is lucky." Cheng Hang said, thanks to "white" in 2008, the application of the wenchuan earthquake, piloting a minor celebrity in the industry and accumulated the original customers, maintain survival till now, although small, but also relatively moist. 2010 abroad, with Africa, southeast Asia, South Korea and other countries war industry, private enterprises to do business. 
 
2016 is a year flying unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) which may be embarrassing. On the basis of "white", in view of the domestic market of surveying and mapping, Zhang Yao long-endurance lead the team to develop the 3.5 hours, fuel tank capacity of 6.5 litres of great upgrade - "mahatma AX - 2", price 360000 yuan to 790000 yuan. Although the detection institutions and domestic general aviation enterprise procurement, overall sales fell by 80% than expected. 
 
Analyzing the reason of failed to sell Zhang Yao said, surveying and mapping of state and government institutions is not a must buy business, affected by the current economic environment and real estate unrest, the government in this area into slow many, whether to buy machine or services, the industry is faced with the embarrassment of government debt, the original enterprise unit of surveying and mapping, also no longer buy equipment. 
 
Policy and personnel costs 
 
Policy didn't catch up with and the lack of professional talents, also make the whole industry is faced with unutterable embarrassed. 
 
In the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) multiple markets, the government is one of the major customers. The law stipulates that the government units to purchase products and services, must be qualified legal compliance, for unmanned aerial vehicle (uav), the international on the basis of the so-called conformity certificate, generally for the aircraft aviation authority jaa will enable shall prevail. 
 
The key problem is that China now haven't uav aviation authority jaa will enable certification system, uav can flight operations, but do not the aviation authority jaa will enable; Unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) companies in government procurement, or cooperate with the government, is faced with the rejected policy threshold, because signed a contract with an unlicensed products, relevant government personnel have been the possibility of accountability. 
 
In fact, as early as June 2009, the state of the civil aviation administration issued "about civil uav provisional regulations on the management of; In October 2010, the state council on the unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) development of the state council to accelerate the decision of the cultivating and developing strategic new for industry "and" national "twelfth five-year" plan "; In march and July 2012, the national industrial information technology, and the state council on "the high-end equipment manufacturing industry" twelfth five-year "development plan" and the "twelfth five-year" national strategic emerging industry development planning ". 
 
"New industry developing fast, the relevant departments could learn experience of western developed countries, the industry has been formed." Zhang Yao said, a lot of policy cannot implement is also a big problem. 
 
The lack of professional talents, the lift of enterprise cost at the same time, also hampered the development of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) industry. 
 
As a new industry, a lot of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) enterprises did not find the real direction, or detonate the high value-added products, the market still faces various costs rise, especially the artificial. 
 
Flying drones, said general manager Cheng Hang similar high-end manufacturing cannot realize mechanization production, instead of artificial skill requirements and dependence is very high, from the fuselage composite material layers of brushing glue, molding, baking, to test weight, all artificial is given priority to, such as machine assembly workers pay 80% of the cost of the whole. 
 
To the freedom of the company recently production assembly single-seat manned fixed wing - leading body, for example, a pilot production of carbon fiber in lightweight composite material fuselage, it's about 10 employees, in a production cycle, the average monthly salary is 7000 yuan per person, the whole body set of material price at around $150000. 
 
"Is equivalent to the original 10 yuan a pair of socks, costs 7 yuan, personnel salary 1 yuan, net 2 yuan. Now a pair of cost is 8 yuan, personnel salary 2 yuan, added value, to produce high quality socks, existing staff of technical level to reach, to develop." Zhang Yao for example. 
 
More serious is the lack of professional skills, the younger generation and personnel flow instability. Zhang Yao, according to new areas is the lack of professional and technical personnel, in dengfeng county, no technical level of workers salary standard in 3000 yuan, basically can't create value, in carries on the 4 to 6 months of training, but also face the success rate and turnover rate. 
 
Inflation, basic pay increases and improve the level of consumption, the higher costs at the same time, didn't have to create value. Zhang Yao said, this is the social change, transition and upgrade industry must go through the pain. 
 
Hand is not only the production and technical personnel scarce, flight control and image processing in the late than personnel to the lack of direct impact on the unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) market sales. Most aerial aerial, electricity and oil pipeline inspection such as government, enterprises, due to buy the machine unattended operation, and post-processing is too trouble and had to give up. 
 
Unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) enterprise elimination rate 30% 
 
Flying drones present situation is just the tip of the iceberg for the whole industry development. 
 
The noise, and the superficial prosperity can't hide the true emptiness. The unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) industry history research into too much debt hangover, began to show itself. 
 
At the end of 2016, there was the news of the two famous drone makers big layoffs. Zero intelligence control cut 134 jobs, about 25% of the total number of employees; Million to cut about 70 jobs, about 20% of the total number of employees. Zero intelligence control and navigation, head of the two said, in the past 2016 years, the enterprise blind expansion burn severity, suffered a big enterprise disease. 
 
In January 2016, hundred million navigation CES in the United States, to the world the all-electric manned aircraft autopilot - 184 "hundred million navigation", known as the "flying car". Rumors, in front of the reality of capital to invest in high-tech cooling, "million navigation 184" demo bombing many times less than money, and therefore can only be cut. 
 
In the previous in December 2014, August 2015, hundred million air respectively received $10 million in A round of funding, and kingburg group brought $42 million B round of funding. Relevant data show that as of September 2016, the existing 30 unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) enterprises, winning the domestic and foreign capital seeds, angel, A, B or C round of financing. 
 
Some bold predictions, unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) enterprises will be eliminated by 30% in 2017-40%. Collapse is not the product is not good, but the present market is not mature, the product has not yet failed to market situation. 
 
This is not sensational. Zhang Yao said, at present, the consumer market for unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) volume is limited, after nearly two years after the barbarian blooms, it is undeniable that there is a supply greater than demand, consumer uavs fly easily, makes it difficult to fly well in fact, technology research and development and the financial strength of weak enterprise is doomed to be eliminated. 
 
Industrial-grade unmanned aerial vehicle (uav), due to the early r&d spending too much debt, in each major application in the field of r&d is insufficient, the market has not been formed and there is no product sales, enterprise survival difficult nature. 
 
Affect corporate drones out or not, lies not in the market but the investor. Zhang Yao said, with the western developed countries because of love, and dedicated, pure investment concept is different, most of China's venture capital and capital holding the quick money point of view. For the concept to attract investment, research and development of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) enterprises, if the direction is unknown, no breakthrough technology bottlenecks, faced the crisis of collapse at any time. 
 
The night of dark before dawn. In true unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) market has not been opened before and unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) the history of scientific research projects debt can catch up on, depends on the capital. 
 
To sell service transformation 
 
In fact, from the power, oil pipeline patrol inspection, agricultural plant protection and forest fire prevention, aerial aerial, industrial-grade unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) to contain the unlimited market demand. 
 
The change of customer demand, makes life difficult for unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) product sales. Soar in 2017, is the year of the transformation of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav), open from r&d manufacturing, mainly sell machine to sell late flight service and transformation of data processing, the power, oil pipeline patrol inspection, forestry and agricultural plant protection as the main services business. 
 
According to the market demand rapid response, this is the enterprise should do, if you don't change in time, to be eliminated as a necessity. Henan kang province frame, director of the office of civil aviation enterprises observer reporter interview, said the key to do market research into the industry, what customers really need. 
 
Behind the seemingly "not right", but was forced to helpless transformation. 
 
Unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) is a flying platform controlled by computer, do some complex mission. Most of the general public to unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) cognitive biases that buy a drone, put all the work done, but it is not. 
 
For example, a power unit hundreds of kilometers of power inspection. In general, customers not only buy a few drones, to recruit a few flight control, image data obtained after looking for research institute to develop such software, late again for someone to do image data comparison and analysis. 
 
"Ordinary people can't do this very professional work." Zhang Yao says, the customer don't want these tedious link, just want to bag buy services, to be the result. 
 
Recently, flying unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) is also working with government to talk about cooperation in dengfeng, free to do a local forestry uavs application platform, the illegal covers, illegal deforestation, illegal structures such as forest resources survey, for weeks or months, and obtain images, film and television information, and the image analysis and comparison. 
 
In addition, in the year the price of 6000 yuan to 8000 yuan per kilometer, flying was giving a state to negotiate thousands of kilometers of the oil pipeline inspection, if all goes well, will bring enterprises operating income of 6 million yuan to 8 million yuan. 
 
Even so, also did not imagine the optimistic. 
 
Cheng Hang revealed that the business is just the cost price, profit is not high. He gave enterprise observer reporter calculated brushstroke zhang, 1000 kilometers of pipeline inspection, need to put in at least five drones, 10 people flight control team. Because every day to fly, yearly salary from 100000 to 150000 yuan per person, per person per year, and 50000 food and drink, travel, total labor costs 2 million yuan. Plus 5 drone cost 400000 yuan, 2 million yuan, human and machine cost has 4 million yuan only. 
 
"With development image than the cost of the system, and other expenses, with few basic." Cheng Hang said that if management did not keep up with may also lose money, but must go to this step, it is an exploration of the market, can be done later ejection relay, try to reduce the staff. 
 
"Post-processing of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) to collect data, it is a perpetual development." Cheng Hang says companies into an industry, you can't really open a field of the market.